Diskutimet p\u00ebr zbulimin e vaksin\u00ebs ndaj COVID-19 jan\u00eb kthyer n\u00eb kryefjal\u00ebn e mjek\u00ebsis\u00eb, shkenc\u00ebs dhe teknologjis\u00eb n\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb bot\u00ebs. Britania dhe SHBA jan\u00eb ta parat vende q\u00eb nis\u00ebn testimin e nj\u00eb prototipi vaksine nd\u00ebrsa Gjermania jav\u00ebn e kaluar deklaroi se do t\u00eb niste testimin e vaksin\u00ebs. Por sa shpejt mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb gati p\u00ebr tu injektuar n\u00eb Popullat\u00eb? Sa efikase do t\u00eb jet\u00eb?<\/p>\n
Mjeku shqiptar n\u00eb Gjermani Dr. Shk\u00eblqim Re\u00e7i tregon p\u00ebr gazet\u00ebn \u201cDiaspora Shqiptare\u201d se deri ku ka ecur shteti gjerman n\u00eb gjetjen e nj\u00eb vaksine ndaj koronavirusit.<\/p>\n
M\u00eb tej, ai shpjegon t\u00eb gjith\u00eb procesin e realizimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb vaksine ndaj nj\u00eb virusit t\u00eb panjohur m\u00eb par\u00eb. Gjithashtu, Dr. Re\u00e7i n\u00ebnvizoi se prodhimi i nj\u00eb vaksine kualitative q\u00eb nuk jep efekte an\u00ebsore dhe nxit\u00eb trupin q\u00eb t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje sa m\u00eb t\u00eb efektshme imune merr koh\u00ebn e vet\u00eb t\u00eb prodhimit dhe testimit.<\/p>\n
Si zhvillohet nj\u00eb vaksin\u00eb kund\u00ebr nj\u00eb virusi t\u00eb ri t\u00eb panjohur?<\/p>\n
S\u00eb pari, patogjeni analizohet dhe studiohet se n\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebs t\u00eb virusit sistemi imunitar i njeriut reagon dhe formon mbrojtje. Nga studimet e b\u00ebra deri tash shihet se:<\/p>\n
N\u00eb rast t\u00eb nj\u00eb infektimi nga SARS-COV-2, organizmi fillon t\u00eb mbrohet, dhe q\u00eb n\u00eb jav\u00ebn e par\u00eb fillon t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb antitrupa dhe gjithashtu aktivizon edhe sistemin imunitar qelizor. Nga k\u00ebtu fillohet dhe zhvillohet i modeli i vaksin\u00ebs. Pra studiohet pjesa e Virusit se ku ka reaguar sistemi yn\u00eb imunitar.<\/p>\n
Vet\u00ebm pas eksperimenteve, studimeve dhe hetimeve t\u00eb gjera dhe provave q\u00eb vaksina mund t\u00eb prodhohet n\u00eb cil\u00ebsi t\u00eb mir\u00eb, ajo testohet n\u00eb provat klinike nga faza I deri n\u00eb faz\u00ebn III.<\/p>\n
Testimi realizohet te pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit ose personat e studimit t\u00eb cil\u00ebt marrin pjes\u00eb vullnetarisht. N\u00ebse t\u00eb gjitha rezultatet e provave paraprake dhe klinike jan\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion, dhe me rezultate pozitive at\u00ebher\u00eb b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb p\u00ebr aplikim ose miratim t\u00eb vaksin\u00ebs (n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me standardet evropiane). Pas marrjes s\u00eb miratimit Vaksina m\u00eb pas mund t\u00eb tregtohet dhe p\u00ebrdoret tek njer\u00ebzit. Pra k\u00ebto vaksinat e ARN-s\u00eb jan\u00eb vaksina moderne biomjek\u00ebsore.<\/p>\n
\u00c7far\u00eb p\u00ebrmban kjo vaksin\u00eb konkretisht?<\/p>\n
Kjo vaksin\u00eb p\u00ebrmban nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb materialit gjenetik t\u00eb virusit, i cili p\u00ebrfshin struktura ose p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebs sip\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsore proteinike t\u00eb SARS-CoV 2 (Spikeprotein t\u00eb SARS CoV 2)ose nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb tij. Pas aplikimit t\u00eb vaksin\u00ebs ose t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj p\u00ebrb\u00ebrjeje, sistemi yn\u00eb imunitar reagon dhe fillon prodhimin e antitrupave.<\/p>\n
Dhe n\u00ebse personi i vaksinuar m\u00eb von\u00eb bie n\u00eb kontakt me patogjenin ose infektohet nga SARS CoV-2, sistemi imunitar njeh struktur\u00ebn sip\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsore t\u00eb virusit SARS CoV 2, dhe posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht mund t\u00eb luftoj\u00eb dhe shmang direkt k\u00ebt\u00eb virus p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs SARS-CoV -2. Pra ne doza t\u00eb ul\u00ebta stimulon nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje imune t\u00eb antitrupave dhe qelizave T.<\/p>\n
\u00c7far\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb nj\u00eb testim klinik i nj\u00eb vaksine specifike kund\u00ebr Covid-19?<\/p>\n
Q\u00ebllimi i prov\u00ebs klinike \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb fitoj\u00eb njohuri mbi nj\u00eb produkt mjek\u00ebsor q\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret tek njer\u00ebzit. Ajo do t\u00eb testohet n\u00eb provat klinike nga Faza I deri n\u00eb Faz\u00ebn III.<\/p>\n
Fillon me faz\u00ebn I, n\u00eb nj\u00eb grup t\u00eb vog\u00ebl me m\u00eb pak vullnetar\u00eb (<100) testohet toleranca ose pajtueshm\u00ebria, siguria e p\u00ebrdorimit dhe p\u00ebrcaktimi i doz\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb.Faza II, (>100 deri <1000 vullnetar\u00eb) p\u00ebrcaktimi i doz\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebrcaktimi i nj\u00eb programi vaksinimi (p.sh. nj\u00eb ose dy vaksinime) si dhe p\u00ebrfitimi i njohurive n\u00eb lidhje me sigurin\u00eb dhe efikasitetin.Faza III (mbi 1000 vullnetar\u00eb ose pacient) ku do t\u00eb testohet efikasiteti, zbulimi i efekteve an\u00ebsore n\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh t\u00eb vullnetar\u00ebve ose pacient\u00ebve.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb k\u00ebto situata shihen ose shqyrtohen edhe mund\u00ebsit e p\u00ebrshpejtimit t\u00eb procesit.Kur mund t\u00eb priten rezultatet e k\u00ebtij testimi klinik?Sistemi sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor mundet t\u00eb mbingarkohet shum\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb gjat\u00eb pandemis\u00eb aktuale SARS-CoV-2, prandaj \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb ruhet nj\u00eb sh\u00ebndet i mir\u00eb i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm n\u00eb popullat\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb leht\u00ebsuar sistemin sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor. Sipas Institutit Federal p\u00ebr Vaksina dhe Barna Biomjek\u00ebsore n\u00eb Gjermani rezultatet e para mund t\u00eb priten pas dy deri n\u00eb tre muaj.Dhe kur mund t\u00eb filloj\u00eb vaksinimi i njer\u00ebzve?<\/p>\n
M\u00ebnyra se si funksionon nj\u00eb vaksin\u00eb, me pranin e antigjenit ose virusit n\u00eb trupin tuaj, trupi juaj do t\u00eb filloj\u00eb t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb antitrupa si kund\u00ebrp\u00ebrgjigje imune kund\u00ebr virusit. Prandaj q\u00eb t\u00eb mund t\u00eb prodhohet nj\u00eb vaksin\u00eb kualitative, t\u00eb mos ket\u00eb efekte an\u00ebsore dhe t\u00eb nxis trupin tuaj q\u00eb t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje sa m\u00eb t\u00eb efektshme imune nga aspekti biologjik nevojitet koh\u00eb p\u00ebr prodhimin e tij. Supozoj se do t\u00eb ket\u00eb disa vaksina t\u00eb ndryshme n\u00eb treg s\u00eb shpejti, nuk mund t\u00eb them se kur sakt\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Por a do t\u00eb jet\u00eb ky imunitet nj\u00ebsoj sikurse imuniteti natyral do t\u00eb na mbetet p\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb!<\/p>\n
\/ts<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Diskutimet p\u00ebr zbulimin e vaksin\u00ebs ndaj COVID-19 jan\u00eb kthyer n\u00eb kryefjal\u00ebn e mjek\u00ebsis\u00eb, shkenc\u00ebs dhe<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9824,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9822","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9822","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9822"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9822\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9824"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9822"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9822"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9822"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}