Nj\u00ebri nd\u00ebr fiset e shumta Ilire q\u00eb kan\u00eb jetuar n\u00eb Ballkan ka qen\u00eb edhe Fisi i\u00a0\u00a0Penest\u00ebve. Ky fis Ilir shtrihej, duke filluar nga Bukoviku mal n\u00eb mes t\u00eb K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00ebs e Gostivarit, ne lindje lumi Treska, (Ilirida) e deri n\u00eb Brodin e sot\u00ebm.<\/p>\n
Pastai kufiri i Penest\u00ebve vazhdonte drjt malit Barbaras, kalas\u00eb s\u00eb Debreshtit, kalas\u00eb s\u00eb Krushev\u00ebs, kalas\u00eb s\u00eb fshatit Nerov\u00eb dhe drejt Demir Hisarit.<\/p>\n
Prej aty kufiri vazhdonte drejt Deb\u00ebrc\u00ebs ku dilte n\u00eb brigjet e Liqenit t\u00eb Ohrit, n\u00eb mes t\u00eb Strug\u00ebs e Ohrit, n\u00eb Orovnik, aty ku sot \u00ebsht\u00eb ajroporti i Strug\u00ebs ku kufizohej me fisin tjeter Ilir Dasaret\u00ebt. N\u00eb per\u00ebndim kufiri i k\u00ebti fisi Ilir vazhdonte nga Struga, rrjedha e lumiot Drin i Zi (Drimon) Orovniku (Dibra e sotme), pastaj rrjedha e lumit Radika , Zhupa, Reka e Ep\u00ebrme dhe e Poshtme e deri n\u00eb Mavrov\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Se popullata shqiptare q\u00eb jeton sot n\u00eb K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00eb Strug\u00eb, Dib\u00ebr e fshatrat e Rek\u00ebs, j\u00ebn\u00eb pasardh\u00ebs t\u00eb k\u00ebtij fisi ilir tregon edhe fakti se kjo popullat\u00eb shqiptare fol nj\u00eb n\u00ebndialekt t\u00eb njejt\u00eb t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs shqipe, i kan\u00eb k\u00ebsulat e bardha dhe t\u00eb rrafshta,\u00a0\u00a0te njohura\u00a0\u00a0si kesula dibrane, p\u00ebr shkak se ne koh\u00ebn e Sk\u00ebnderbeut i gjith ky teritor \u00ebsht\u00eb quajtur \u201cKrahina e Dibr\u00ebs\u201d.<\/p>\n
Pastaj edhe tirqit q\u00eb i kan\u00eb veshur dhe p\u00ebrdorur popullata e k\u00ebsaj\u00eb\u00a0\u00a0krahine, dallojn\u00eb nga tirqit e krahinave tjera t\u00eb tokave shqiptare. K\u00ebsula e bardh\u00eb k\u00ebr\u00e7ovare, strugane e dibrame dallojne nga k\u00ebsula e bardhe dhe e rrafsh\u00ebt e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Mesme dhe t\u00eb Veriut, e cila k\u00ebsul\u00eb(qeleshe) \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e shkurt\u00ebr dhe m\u00eb e gj\u00ebr\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Penest\u00ebt q\u00eb kan\u00eb pasur kryeqytet Uscan\u00ebn ,n\u00eb veri j\u00ebn\u00eb kufizuar me Dardan\u00ebt qe kryeqytet kan\u00eb pasur Skupin, e q\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn Osmane poashtu ka qene kryeqytet I Vilajetit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, kurse Uscana q\u00eb n\u00eb mesjete na paraqitet me em\u00ebr t\u00eb ri dhe p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb, n\u00eb vitin\u00a0\u00a01018 si Kir\u00e7ava e m\u00eb von\u00eb si K\u00ebr\u00e7ova, n\u00eb koh\u00ebn osmane I ka takuar Vilajetit te Manastirit.).<\/p>\n
N\u00eb shum\u00eb lokalitete t\u00eb K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00ebs hasen gjurm\u00eb t\u00eb vjetra arkeologjike dhe onomastike q\u00eb d\u00ebshmojn\u00eb pranin\u00eb e hershme t\u00eb elementit shqiptar n\u00eb k\u00ebto troje. N\u00eb Mesjet\u00eb, n\u00eb fillim n\u00ebn romak\u00ebt dhe m\u00eb von\u00eb n\u00ebn bizantin\u00ebt,popullat\u00ebn Ilire fillojm\u00eb ta hasim me em\u00ebrin, Arb\u00ebr, Arban, Arbanas, Arvanit, i cili em\u00ebr ka ardhur nga nj\u00eb fis Ilir me emrin \u201cAlban\u201d \u201cAlbanoi\u201d. P\u00ebr gjurm\u00eb t\u00eb tilla, edhe sot\u00a0\u00a0flasin topik\u00ebt, Arbanasi e Arbanisec n\u00eb lokalitetet Atisht\u00eb, Velmej e Vraneshnic\u00eb t\u00eb K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00ebs; Arbanashki n\u00eb Dolenc\u00ebn e Mansatirit; Arb\u00ebrkulla (Arapkulla) ne malin Bistra t\u00eb K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00ebs, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat j\u00ebn\u00eb g\u00ebrmuar dhe gjetur objekte t\u00eb vjetra e artefakte arkeologjike ).<\/p>\n
Krahas k\u00ebtyre mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendim edhe \u201cTumat\u201d, varreza tumulare ose \u201cKod\u00ebrvarre\u201d n\u00eb Zajaz t\u00eb K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00ebs, n\u00eb Llagje, pjes\u00eb e Zajazit q\u00eb n\u00eb popullat\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e njohur \u201cKe Tuma\u201d, Trojet ne Tuhin, Manastirishte n\u00eb Aranjell, Kodra e Satesk\u00ebs n\u00eb trek\u00ebnd\u00ebshin Zajaz-Greshnic\u00eb-Kolibar-Llagje, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jan\u00eb nj\u00eb d\u00ebshmi tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr gjurm\u00eb t\u00eb vjetra vendbanimesh n\u00eb k\u00ebto an\u00eb[5].<\/p>\n
Jo larg Uskan\u00ebs (K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00ebs) ka kaluar dhe rruga e njohur Via Egnatia, q\u00eb lidhte Durr\u00ebsin me Konstantinopolin (Stambollin) e q\u00eb kalonte n\u00ebp\u00ebr Oh\u00ebr, Manastir, Selanik dhe lidhte Perandorin\u00eb e Rom\u00ebs me brendin\u00eb e Ballkanit, n\u00eb drejtim\u00a0\u00a0Lindje-Perendim, q\u00eb do t\u00eb ket\u00eb pasur nj\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi shum\u00eb t\u00eb madhe edhe p\u00ebr vet\u00eb zhvillimin intensiv e kulturor t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj zone.<\/p>\n
R\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb ndjeshme n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb period\u00eb kan\u00eb pasur edhe rrug\u00ebt q\u00eb e b\u00ebnin K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00ebn nj\u00eb nyje shum\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb lidhte lindjen me per\u00ebndimin po edhe veri jug. Me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb ishtin edhe rrug\u00ebt Dib\u00ebr-K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00eb-Prilep-Stobi,; Oh\u00ebr – K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00eb- Gostivar\u00eb- Tetov\u00eb Shkup, ; Manastir \u2013 K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00eb \u2013 Brod – rrjedha e Lumit Treska \u2013Pore\u00e7e- Shkup,etj t\u00eb cilat nuk kan\u00eb sh\u00ebrbyar thjesht\u00eb, vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr komunikacion, por kan\u00eb pasur edhe r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi strategjike.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb mesin e sh.II p.e. Maqedonia Antike dhe Iliria u likuiduan nga Perandoria Romake dhe k\u00ebto teritore u shn\u00ebd\u00ebrruan n\u00eb Provinca t\u00eb thjeshta romake dhe banor\u00ebt e k\u00ebtyre vendeve iu n\u00ebnshtruan nj\u00eb asimilimi dhe romanizimi shum\u00eb t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr. Por pas ndarjes s\u00eb Rom\u00ebs n\u00eb 395, ilir\u00ebt\u00a0\u00a0mbet\u00ebn n\u00ebn Bizantin dhe i shp\u00ebtuan asimilimit dhe zhdukjes s\u00eb plot\u00eb. Edhe Uscana mbeti n\u00ebn juridiksionin e Perandoris\u00eb s\u00eb Lindjes-Bizantit dhe n\u00eb vitin 1018 n\u00eb dokumente paraqitet me nj\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb rinj\u00eb Kir\u00e7ava ose si q\u00eb e hasim m\u00eb von\u00eb n\u00eb dokumentet osmane K\u00ebr\u00e7ova.<\/p>\n
USCANA
\nUscana ka qen\u00eb e banuar shum\u00eb dendur qysh n\u00eb period\u00ebn e Neolitit sepse n\u00eb regjionin e K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00ebs ka gjurm\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00ebs njer\u00ebzore q\u00eb n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht qysh ne kohen e Neolitit. Gjurm\u00eb t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs neolitike j\u00ebn\u00eb evidentuar n\u00eb fshatin C\u00ebrvic\u00eb t\u00eb K\u00ebrcov\u00ebs nga nj\u00eb ekip profesional arkeolog\u00ebsh nga Shoqata e Arkeolog\u00ebve t\u00eb Maqedonis\u00eb te udhehequr nga arkeologu i njohur me origjine kroate Viktpor Lilqiq i cili edhe \u00ebsht\u00eb ligj\u00ebrues i Arkelogjise, n\u00eb Universitetin e Shkupit. Nga popullata v\u00ebndase ky lokalitet quhet \u201cChuka e C\u00ebrvic\u00ebs\u201d n\u00eb veri t\u00eb K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00ebs.)<\/p>\n
Burimet antike p\u00ebrmendin fiset ilire q\u00eb kan\u00eb jetuar ne teritorin e Maqedonis\u00eb s\u00eb sotme, si Dardan\u00ebt q\u00eb kan\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Shkupin, Tetov\u00ebn dhe Gostivarin, Paion\u00ebt p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb rrjedh\u00ebs s\u00eb poshtme t\u00eb Vardarit, dmth rreth Velesit t\u00eb sot\u00ebm, pastaj Lynkest\u00ebt p\u00ebrreth Manastirit e Presp\u00ebs, Deriop\u00ebt n\u00eb rrethin\u00ebn e Prilepit, Dasaret\u00ebt n\u00eb rajonin e Ohrit dhe Penest\u00ebt n\u00eb Kr\u00e7ov\u00eb, Strug\u00eb, Dib\u00ebr e Mavrov\u00eb.\u00a0(P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr shih: Toma Smilaniq, Ki\u00e7evo i Ki\u00e7evijata;Jovan Trifunoski, Ki\u00e7evska Kotlina;Ilmi Veliu, Autor\u00ebt Antik q\u00eb shkruajn\u00eb p\u00ebr Ilir\u00ebt\u201d).<\/p>\n
N\u00eb fund te shekullit II, p.e teritori i K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00ebs-Uscana ra n\u00ebn pushtimin romak(.[8]\u00a0Jire\u00e7ek thot\u00eb se Uskana ka qen\u00eb vendosur p\u00ebraf\u00ebrsisht n\u00eb vendin e K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00ebs s\u00eb sotme. Emri antik i k\u00ebtij qyteti nuk mbijetoi, u zhduk n\u00eb period\u00ebn e Mesjet\u00ebs si pasoj\u00eb e pushtimeve t\u00eb popullsive ardhacake slave, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt e kishin zakon q\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrronin emrat q\u00eb nuk ishin t\u00eb natyr\u00ebs s\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre dhe t\u2019i konvertonin k\u00ebto me emra sllav\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Sa i p\u00ebrket pyetjes se ku mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb themelet e Uskan\u00ebs ilire, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt nuk j\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb mendimi. Disa historian\u00eb sllavomaqedonas po edhe disa t\u00eb huaj e k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb Uscan\u00ebn n\u00eb rrethinat e Dibr\u00ebs s\u00eb sotme. Kund\u00ebr nj\u00eb mendimi t\u00eb till\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb grupi tjet\u00ebr i shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebve q\u00eb mendojn\u00eb se Uscana\u00a0\u00a0\u00ebsht\u00eb shtrir\u00eb diku n\u00eb rrethinat e K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00ebs s\u00eb sotme, ose m\u00eb sakt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00eb K\u00ebr\u00e7ova me kalan\u00eb e saj\u00eb, me t\u00eb cilin mendim pajtohem edhe un\u00eb, dhe n\u00eb vazhdim do t\u00eb mundohem t\u00eb sjell\u00eb disa t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb reja nga g\u00ebrmimet arkeologjike q\u00eb j\u00ebn\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb koh\u00ebt e fundit, dhje q\u00eb na japin t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb mendojme se K\u00ebr\u00e7ova e sotme \u00ebsht\u00eb e nd\u00ebrtuar mbi themelet e Uscan\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
Valdun Sarya, duke shkruar p\u00ebr Uskan\u00ebn, n\u00eb Pauly-VVissova,\u00a0\u00a0Real- enciklopedi , Shtutgard, 1961. 1075, ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb mendime shum\u00eb me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi n\u00eb lidhje me lokalizimin e themeleve t\u00eb\u00a0\u00a0Uskan\u00ebs. Ai vet\u00eb pajtohet me q\u00ebndrimin e atij grupi t\u00eb shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebve q\u00eb Uskan\u00ebn e k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb te K\u00ebr\u00e7ova, duke propozuar q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebhen gjurmime arkeologjike dhe t\u00eb v\u00ebrtetohet me sakt\u00ebsi se n\u00eb cil\u00ebn pjes\u00eb t\u00eb K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00ebs s\u00eb sotme do t\u00eb ket\u00eb qen\u00eb Uskana antike..<\/p>\n
Petar Lisi\u00e7ar, duke u mb\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb fjal\u00ebt e Tit Livit, se romak\u00ebt pasi e humb\u00ebn luft\u00ebn te Uskana, nga\u00a0\u00a0Penest\u00ebt, ik\u00ebn n\u00eb Lihnid, mendon se themelet e Uskan\u00ebs duhet k\u00ebrkuar n\u00eb Krahin\u00ebn e Dibr\u00ebs.N\u00ebse ai ka menduar p\u00ebr krahin\u00ebn e Dibr\u00ebs at\u00ebher\u00eb ka qen\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb sepse edhe Ker\u00e7ova i ka takuar Krahin\u00ebs s\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs por n\u00ebse ka menduar n\u00eb qytetin e Dibr\u00ebs (Rahovnikun) e ka pasur gabim sepose Tit Livi poashtu e p\u00ebrshkruan edhe marshin e Perseut drejt Uscan\u00ebs, dhe thot\u00eb se ai nga Stibera af\u00ebr Prilepit deri n\u00eb Uscan\u00eb shkoi p\u00ebr dy dit e gjys\u00ebm, dhe atij, p\u00ebr t\u00eb dalur n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr t\u00eb sotme do ti duheshin dhjet\u00eb dit\u00eb, sepse do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb kalonte malin Ilinska Planina, 1257, n\u00eb mes t\u00eb Demir Hisarit dhe Izvorit; dhe\u00a0\u00a0pastaj malin Stogova\u00a01300 m\u00a0n\u00eb mes t\u00eb Izvorit\u00a0\u00a0e Dibr\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
Fanulla Papazoglu, duke i pasur parasysh\u00eb fjal\u00ebt e Tit Livit se Uskana ka qen\u00eb qyteti m\u00eb i madh i fisit ilir t\u00eb Penest\u00ebve dhe se gjindej jo larg\u00eb Lihnidit,(Ohrit) dhe tri dit\u00eb udhtimi nga Stybera (Qepigovo) af\u00ebr Prilepit n\u00eb Pellagoni, ka ardhur n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim se \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur q\u00eb Uscana t\u00eb lokalizohet te K\u00ebr\u00e7ova.<\/p>\n
Nikola Vuliq, \u201cRatovanje Makedonskog kralja Perseja protiv rimjanima\u201d, 170-169, prije hrista, Glasnik SKA,br. 160, str, 139[13], shkruan se \u201cUskanu bi trebalo trazhiti kod Kiceva i da je Uskana\u00a0\u00a0Kicevo\u201d.\u00a0\u00a0Uskan\u00ebn duhet k\u00ebrkuar te K\u00ebr\u00e7ova dhe se Uskana \u00ebsht\u00eb K\u00ebr\u00e7ova e sotme. K\u00ebte e thot\u00eb edhe n\u00eb kumtes\u00ebn \u201cGeografija Juzhne Srbije u anticko doba,\u201d Glasnik Skopskog nau\u00e7nog drushtva XIX, 1938.<\/p>\n
Branko Panov n\u00eb \u201cSrednovekovna Makedonija\u201d, faqe 507, kur shkruan p\u00ebr Krahin\u00ebn e Dibr\u00ebs thot\u00eb se pas ardhjes s\u00eb sllav\u00ebve t\u00eb jugut, diku n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb krahin\u00eb shtrihej qyteti i vjet\u00ebr dhe shum\u00eb i njohur\u00a0\u00a0Uscana q\u00eb dikur kishte qen\u00eb kryeqytet i Penest\u00ebve.<\/p>\n
Kramer thot\u00eb se Uskana ka pasur rreth 10 mij\u00eb banor dhe se nj\u00eb qytet kaq i madh ka mundur t\u00eb shtrihej vet\u00ebm n\u00eb krahin\u00ebn e Dibr\u00ebs, te K\u00ebr\u00e7ova. N\u00eb realitet ky qytet antik, thot\u00eb ai, ka mundur t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb trek\u00ebnd\u00ebshin q\u00eb ka ndar\u00eb shtetin e Dardanis\u00eb nga shteti i Maqedonis\u00eb Antike dhe Iliris\u00eb t\u00eb udh\u00ebhequr nga mbreti i fundit Genti i cili e humbi luft\u00ebn kund\u00ebr romak\u00ebve dhe s\u00ebbashku me mbretin e Maqedonis\u00eb u d\u00ebrguan si rob\u00ebr lufte n\u00eb Rom\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Pra n\u00ebse mb\u00ebshtetemi n\u00eb mendimin e Kramer se Uskana shtrihej n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb trek\u00ebnd\u00ebsh at\u00ebher\u00eb del se ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb K\u00ebr\u00e7ova e sotme, sepse n\u00eb veri t\u00eb K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00ebs shtrihej Dardania, n\u00eb lindje ku \u00ebsht\u00eb rrjedha e lumit Treska dhe masivi i maleve Jakupica-Dautica-Karaxhica q\u00eb ka sherbyer si mur mbrojt\u00ebs kund\u00ebr ushtris\u00eb Maqedone , dhe n\u00eb jug-perendim t\u00eb K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00ebs, mbi Rahovnik, Dibra e sotme, ishte kufiri me Ilirin\u00eb.<\/p>\n
\/Nga Dr. Ilmi VELIU<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nj\u00ebri nd\u00ebr fiset e shumta Ilire q\u00eb kan\u00eb jetuar n\u00eb Ballkan ka qen\u00eb edhe Fisi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":92150,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-683","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histori"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/683","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=683"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/683\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/92150"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=683"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=683"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kercova.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=683"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}